• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A high voltage switch, in particular a circuit breaker, comprises: a housing (10), which determines a gas volume for a dielectrically insulated gas; a first contact element (21; 23) and a second contact element (22; 24), between which, optionally, an electroconductive connection can be made, the first and second contact elements (21, 22; 24) being movable along an axis (A) of the high-voltage switch; a drive system (30) which is connected to the first contact element (21; 23) for moving said first contact element (21; 23) in a first direction (R1) along the axis (A), to cut the electroconductive bond; a transmission mechanism (40) whose driving side is connected to the first contact element (21; 23) and the driven side is connected to the second contact element (22; 24) for transmitting the movement of the first contact element (21; 23) on the second contact element (22; 24), so that the second contact element (22; 24) is moved along the axis (A) in a second direction (R2), opposed to the first direction (R1), in order to cut the electroconductive link; and a gas damper (50) which is provided on the driven side of the transmission mechanism (40) to damp the movement of the second contact member (22; 24).
    公开号:FR3018388A1
    申请号:FR1500410
    申请日:2015-03-04
    公开日:2015-09-11
    发明作者:Daniel Ohlsson；Jakub Korbel；Sami Kotilainen；Timothy Sutherland
    申请人:ABB Technology AG；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention generally relates to high voltage switches, particularly electrical circuit breakers having a gas damper. The invention also relates to a method for cutting a conductive connection of a high-voltage switch, in particular a circuit breaker. State of the art From the state of the art, switches are known in which a spark-arresting contact, such as an extinction tulip, is separated from another spark-arresting contact, such as a plot, in order to cut an electrical connection. Switches are also known in which two spark arrester contacts are moved in two different directions. In patent document EP 0 809 269, for example, is exposed a high-voltage circuit breaker having two movable arcing contacts, located coaxially opposite one another. A drive rod is attached to an insulating nozzle and operates by means of a lever with two arms, arranged on the axis of the switch, the arc contact located opposite.
    [0002] In US Pat. No. 3,896,282 there is disclosed a circuit breaker with two movable contacts in opposite directions, which are arranged in a housing filled with inert gas. The contacts are connected by a lever transmission mechanism which comprises a lever with two arms, arranged on the axis of the circuit breaker and provided with connecting rods articulated at both ends. In general, double-contact circuit breakers have a number of advantages over single-trip circuit breakers. The speed of the separation process of the spark arrestor contacts can be significantly increased, while the drive energy to be applied can remain substantially identical to that of the single-movement circuit breakers. Nevertheless, the transmission mechanism is subjected to a load during the opening and separating process, in which the acceleration and deceleration are at maximum, which can lead to the formation of metal or plastic particles. These particles can alter the dielectric properties and cause problems at the time of a general condition check after an endurance test (typically 10,000 mechanical switches). SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to reduce the stress on a transmission mechanism in a high-voltage switch, in particular in an electric circuit breaker. This object is solved by the high-voltage switch and the method for breaking an electroconductive link of a high-voltage switch according to the independent claims. Other advantages, features, aspects and details of the invention as well as preferred embodiments of the invention flow from the subclaims, the description and the figures. One aspect of the invention is to provide a high voltage switch, particularly a circuit breaker, provided with a gas damper. The high-voltage switch comprises a housing, which determines a gas volume for a dielectrically insulated gas, a first contact element and a second contact element, between which, optionally, a conductive connection can be made. first and second contact members being movable along an axis of the high-voltage switch, and a drive system which is connected to the first contact element for moving said first contact element in a first direction along of the axis to cut the conductive connection. The high-voltage switch further comprises a transmission mechanism whose driving side is connected to the first contact element and the driven side is connected to the second contact element, in order to transmit the movement of the first contact element on the first contact element. the second contact element, such that the second contact element is moved in a second direction, opposite the first direction, along the axis, to cut the conductive connection. The gas damper is provided on the driven side of the transmission mechanism to dampen the movement of the second contact member. Another aspect of the invention is to provide a method for cutting a conductive connection of a high-voltage switch, in particular a circuit breaker. The method comprises the steps of: moving a first contact element in a first direction along an axis of the high-voltage switch by means of a drive system; transmitting the movement of the first contact element, by means of a transmission mechanism, to a second contact element provided on the driven side of said transmission mechanism, such that the second contact element is moved in a second direction, opposed to the first direction; separating the first contact element from the second contact element; and damping the movement of the second contact member by means of a gas damper provided on the driven side of the transmission mechanism.
    [0003] The invention also relates to a device for implementing the disclosed method and also comprises device parts intended to implement each of the steps of the method. By way of example, the invention also relates to a transmission mechanism to be mounted in a switch switch to above described high voltage or to use in a high voltage, so that includes the properties or in the claims. The high voltage switch Brief description of the figures Examples of embodiments shown in the figures and are more thorough. Embodiments of the invention will be explained hereinafter, which figures show, by way of example, a cross-sectional profile view in each case schematically. Among these figures: Figure 1 shows a circuit breaker with a gas damper according to the invention; Figure 2 shows part of a high voltage switch; FIGS. 3A-3C show situations of movement during the separation of the contacts of a gas damper according to the invention; Figure 4 shows part of a gas damper according to the invention; FIGS. 5A-5B show arrangements of the gas damper according to the invention of FIG. 4 during the separation of the contacts or the formation of the contact; and Figure 6 shows part of another gas damper according to the invention. Means of Execution of the Invention Figure 1 schematically illustrates a high voltage switch, particularly a circuit breaker. The circuit breaker is typically a compressed gas switch, as used, for example, in high voltage networks. Typically, it comprises at least some components customary for such a switch, such as a housing filled with inert gas, a pair of contacts, in particular a pair of spark-arresting contacts, and, where appropriate, a pair of contacts. nominal current contacts. One of the spark arrester contacts is generally U-shaped, the other in the form of a stud. The spark arrester contacts are movable relative to each other along an axis of the switch. Typically, the housing 10 determines the gas volume for a dielectrically insulated gas, which is the inert gas.
    [0004] Preferably, each pair of contacts comprises a first contact element and a second contact element. In the high voltage switch shown in FIG. 1, the pair of spark arresting contacts 21, 22 comprises a first contact element 21 and a second contact element 22, and the pair of nominal current contacts 23, 24 comprises a first contact element 23 and a second contact element 24. In each pair, it is possible to optionally conduct a conductive connection between the first contact element 21, 23 and the second contact element 22, 24, by moving the first contact element 21, 23 and the second contact element 22, 24 along an axis A of the high-voltage switch. The first contact element 23 of the pair of nominal current contacts 23, 24 is connected to an insulating part, more specifically to an insulating nozzle 25.
    [0005] The high-voltage switch further comprises a drive system 30 (here, for example, a primary drive 30) and a transmission mechanism 40 (here, for example, an auxiliary transmission mechanism). The drive system 30 is connected to at least one of the first contact elements 21, 23, that is to say the first contact element 21 of the pair of spark arresting contacts or the first contact element 23 of the the pair of nominal current contacts or the first two contact elements 21 and 23. The transmission mechanism 40 has a drive side and a driven side. The drive side is the side of the transmission mechanism 40 which is connected to the drive system 30 via the first contact element 21, 23. Preferably, the transmission mechanism 40 is not directly connected to the first element In particular, the transmission mechanism 40 may comprise a connecting element 41, through which the transmission mechanism 40 is connected to the insulating nozzle 25, in order to achieve a non-electroconductive connection between the first and second contact member 21, 23 and the transmission mechanism 40. On its driven side, the transmission mechanism 40 is connected to the second contact element 22, 24. To cut (open) the conductive connection, the drive system 30 moves the first contact elements 21, 23 in a first direction R1 along the axis A. The transmission mechanism 40 transmits the movement of the first contact elements 21 , 23 to the second contact elements 22, 24, such that the second contact elements 22, 24 are moved along the axis A in a second direction R2, opposite the first direction R1, to cut the conductive connection . This includes the case that during certain phases of displacement, the direction of movement of the first contact elements 21, 23 can match the direction of movement of the second contact elements 22, 24, for example when the second contact elements 22, 24 pass through a dead center at the beginning of the displacement (as described, for example, in EP Patent No. 1,630,840 A).
    [0006] To close (establish) the conductive connection, the drive system 30 moves the first contact elements 21, 23 in the second direction R2 and the transmission mechanism 40 transmits this movement to the second contact elements 22, 24, so that that the second contact elements 22, 24 are moved in the first direction R1. Although it is the displacement of the first two and second contact elements 21, 22, 23, 24 which is described here, it is also possible in a variant of each embodiment described herein that the first and the second element of FIG. contact 21, 22 of the pair of spark arrester contacts are displaced, whereas, for example, one of the nominal current contacts (e.g., the nominal current contact 24) is fixed.
    [0007] The speed at which the contact elements 21, 22 are spaced from each other is very high, in order to minimize the production of an electric arc. As a result, the transmission mechanism is strongly stressed during service and in particular during a mechanical endurance or stress test, which can lead to the formation of a significant quantity of particles, such as particles of abrasion. To reduce the formation of particles, the sliding surface can be increased, which would result in greater bulk and higher costs for the transmission mechanism. In support of intensive research, the inventors have found that the biasing of the transmission mechanism is particularly high when the contact element (here called the second contact element) driven by the transmission mechanism is braked. This problem is further increased in the case of a more compact construction mode of the switch which is desired, in principle -, since in this case the retarding distance is generally shortened and, therefore, the strain on the transmission mechanism is further increased. To solve or reduce the problem of the solicitation of the transmission mechanism, it is now proposed to reduce the stress on the transmission mechanism by the introduction or use of a damper on the driven side.
    [0008] This is particularly advantageous for recently developed high-voltage switches, which have a particularly high speed when separating the contacts, since particularly high accelerations and forces act here on the transmission mechanism and on the sliding bearings. The displacement of the contacts at the time of the breaking of the conductive connection can be divided, in accordance with a speed curve, into two sections, in particular into an acceleration process for the period from the beginning of the movement until the instant maximum travel speed, and a slowing process from the instant of the maximum travel speed to the end of travel, especially until the end of the main part of travel. The acceleration process therefore corresponds to the section of the velocity curve with a predominantly positive slope and, consequently, with the predominantly positive acceleration, and the deceleration process corresponds to the section of the velocity curve with the predominantly negative slope and therefore, with acceleration mostly negative. Typically, the duration of the acceleration process is from a few milliseconds to as much as ten milliseconds, the duration of the deceleration process generally being shorter than the duration of the acceleration process. In particular, the duration of the acceleration process may be in the range of about 0.01 s to about 0.05 s and the duration of the deceleration process may be in the range of about 0.005 s to about 0.025 s. As already discussed above, the displacement in the acceleration process or in the deceleration process does not necessarily follow a monotonous upward or downward slope. On the contrary, the high-voltage switch can also be configured so that at least one contact element undergoes a direction reversal of the displacement, the first contact element and the second contact element therefore move temporarily in the same direction, as it is stated, for example, in the patent document EP 1 630 840 Al.
    [0009] Thus, the displacement of the second contact element 22, 24 along the axis A in a direction R2 opposite to the first direction R1 of the first contact element 21, 23 means that the displacement of the second contact element 22, 24 in most of the displacement process, especially after the separation of the spark arrestor contacts, is effected in a direction other than that of the first contact element 21, 23. For example, the acceleration during the process of acceleration can be of the order of 100 g to 300 g approximately (1000 m / s2 to 3000 m / s2) and / or the acceleration during the slowdown process can be of the order of 300 g to 700 g approximately ( 3000 m / s2 to 7000 m / s2). Therefore, the slowdown process is the strongest stress on the transmission mechanism. Assuming a mass of 2 kg to 3 kg for the second contact element 22, 24, a considerable force will be exerted, therefore, on the transmission mechanism. The use of lighter materials, such as aluminum, is possible only to a limited extent, since the second contact element is exposed to a hot gas, for example, during switching and in particular during a Performance Test. In particular, the gas contained in the housing 10 can be brought to a temperature such that it can attack the second contact element 22, 24. In addition, advantageously, the tip should be made of a heavy material, such as tungsten, and the remaining surfaces exposed to the hot gas, should be made, for example, of steel or copper, in order to obtain high stability. Therefore, decreasing the mass of the second contact element 22, 24 is not a preferred means. Another possibility to reduce the stress on the transmission mechanism would be to modify the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism. However, this would increase the length of the stroke, the length of the second contact element 22, 24 and the total dimensions, as well as an increase in the mass set in motion. An increase in mass would also cause an increase in the force acting on the transmission mechanism during the acceleration process, it would result in particular a deformation of the insulating part, specifically the insulating nozzle. According to some embodiments of the invention, it is now possible, to reduce the stress on the transmission mechanism, to provide a damper, in particular a gas damper, for damping the movement of a contact element. The gas damper may be provided in particular on the driven side of the transmission mechanism to dampen the movement of a second contact element (for example, 22, 24). As shown in FIG. 2, which represents part of a high-voltage switch according to the invention in a cross-sectional profile view, it is possible to provide a gas damper 50 in the high-voltage switch. . The gas damper 50 is preferably provided on the driven side of the transmission mechanism 40, in order to damp the movement of a second contact element 22, 24, namely either the movement of the second contact element 22 of the pair of spark arresting contacts, ie the movement of the second contact element 24 of the pair of nominal current contacts, or the movement of the two second contact elements 22, 24, namely the movement of the second contact element 22 of the pair of spark arresting contacts and the movement of the second contact element 24 of the pair of nominal current contacts. Alternatively, the gas damper 50 may also be provided on the drive side to dampen the movement of one or both of the first contact members 21, 23. In the case of a high-voltage switch with a double movement complete, the gas damper can also come into contact with only one of the first or second contact elements 21, 22, 23, 24 to damp the movement of all the contact elements 21, 22, 23, 24. In this case, it is also possible to provide at least two gas dampers, among which one is connected to the second contact element 22 of the pair of spark arresting contacts 21, 22 and the other gas damper is connected to the second contact element 24 of the pair of nominal current contacts 23, 24. According to some embodiments, which can be combined with other embodiments, the electrically insulated gas can be used in the shock absorber. gas 50 for damping.
    [0010] In addition, according to some embodiments that can be combined with other embodiments, there is provided a piston 26 which is connected to the second contact member 22, 24 and can move together therewith. On the other hand, according to some embodiments that can be combined with other embodiments, the gas damper 50 has a cylinder 51 in which the piston 26 is guided. As shown in FIG. 51 may have an open end, through which the plunger can be placed in the cylinder 51, and a closed end opposite the open end. The piston 26 can be guided in the cylinder 51 along a path from the open end to the closed end. So that the piston 26 can be guided if possible without disturbance in the cylinder, in particular so that the piston 26 does not deform in the cylinder 50, it is possible to provide bearing elements 27, in which the piston 26 and / or the second contact element 22, 24 is or are slidably mounted. In addition, the piston 26 or the second contact element 22, 24 can be connected to the transmission mechanism 40 via a pivoting arm 28. The gas damper 50 is configured, in particular, to dampen the process for slowing down the second contact element 22, 24. To achieve this, the gas damper may comprise openings 52, 53 which may respectively constitute a connection between the rest of the gas volume of the housing 10 and the inside of the cylinder 51 In particular, an opening 52 may be provided in a central portion between the open end and the closed end. In addition, a second opening 53 may be provided on or in the closed opening (incidentally). FIGS. 3A to 3C represent situations of movement during the contact cut-off of a gas damper according to the invention. In this case, the piston 26 is moved along the path from the open end to the closed end. A position of the end of the piston 26, housed in the cylinder 50, along the track may be designated d. Figure 3A shows the situation at the beginning of the displacement to cut the conductive connection, that is to say the situation in which the contacts are closed and the conductive connection is established. The end of the piston 26 housed in the cylinder 51 is at d = 0. If now the contacts, namely the first and the second contact element 21, 22, 23, 24 are spaced from each other, the piston 26 slides inside the cylinder 51, the piston 26 thus moves towards the closed end. On this occasion, the piston 26 compresses the gas contained in the cylinder 51 and pushes this gas partially out of the first opening 52, as is sketched by the arrow 54 in Figure 3A. As described above, the piston 26 at the beginning of the displacement passes through an acceleration process, during which it is moved along the track a distance L1. FIG. 3B shows the situation at the end of the acceleration process, at the moment when the end of the piston 26 housed in the cylinder 51 is in the position d = L1. In this case, the first opening 52 is advantageously arranged at a position of the cylinder 51 which corresponds to the position d = L1. Thus, the first opening 52 is disengaged during the acceleration process, i.e. during the acceleration process it is not obscured or closed by the piston 26. Therefore, the compressed air in the cylinder 51 under the effect of the displacement of the piston 26 can exit the piston 26 during the acceleration process, whereby the acceleration process is not or is not mainly damped. As has also been described above, the acceleration process is followed by a slowing down process, during which the piston 26 is moved along the track a distance L2. Fig. 3B shows a situation during the deceleration process, at the moment when the end of the piston 26 housed in the cylinder 51 is at a position L1 <d <L2. In this situation, the first opening 52 is advantageously closed by the piston 26, so that no gas or at least almost no gas can escape from the cylinder 51 via this first opening 52. In particular, according to certain modes embodiments which can be combined with other embodiments, the first apertures 52 may be configured such that they are disengaged during the acceleration process of the piston 26 and are masked and, in particular, are masked by the piston 26- during piston slowing process 26. The gas contained in the cylinder 51 between the piston 26 and the closed end of the cylinder 51 is compressed, therefore, under the effect of the displacement of the piston 26 towards the closed end and, in this case, dampens the displacement of the piston 26. In particular, the displacement of the piston 26 is dampened more and more as the piston 26 is moved towards the end. closed.
    [0011] Therefore, according to some embodiments that can be combined with other embodiments, the second contact element 22, 24 can perform the acceleration process and the deceleration process along a path for the moving object. to cut the conductive connection, and the gas damper 50 can be configured to dampen the deceleration process of the second contact element 22, 24. Advantageously, through the use of the gas damper 50, the forces generated during the deceleration process can be reduced by a factor of 2 (compared to an arrangement in all respects identical, but without gas damper 50). According to a preferred aspect of the invention, the gas damper 50 at least temporarily absorbs a force which corresponds to at least 0.5 times the force exerted on the transmission mechanism 40, in some embodiments even corresponds to at least the whole of the force exerted on the transmission mechanism 40. In addition, as mentioned above, the second opening 53 can be provided on or in the closed end, moreover, of the cylinder 51, through which a part of the compressed gas can escape especially during the slowdown process, as is sketched by the arrow 55 in Figure 3C. Preferably, the first opening 52 is larger than the second opening 53, the first opening 52 is thus disengaged in a larger passage area than the second opening 53. Therefore, by adjusting or defining the size of the second opening 53, in particular by adjusting or defining the passage zone or the surface of the second opening 53, it is possible to adjust the damping force, in particular during the slowdown process. Furthermore, by the choice of the position of the first opening 52 and / or the setting or definition of the size of the second opening 53 and / or by providing or giving up the second opening 53, it is possible to determine when the damping must occur, when the piston 26 must be immobilized and what is the stop force of damping. In particular, it is possible not to provide the second opening 53 when the damping must occur at a great distance from the closed end. In this case, the escape of the compressed gas from the cylinder 51 must be as low as possible to apply a sufficiently high pressure, even if, as a result, the maximum speed reached by the piston 26 is negatively influenced. Under the effect of the compression of the gas in the cylinder 51, there is established a pressure inside the cylinder 51 which acts against the piston 26, whereby the kinetic energy of the piston 26 is dissipated. By dissipating the kinetic energy of the piston 26, the force exerted on the transmission mechanism 40 can be significantly reduced. The cylinder 51 can thus be divided into at least one acceleration part and a deceleration part, which correspond to the distance or path L1 and L2 traveled by the piston 26 during the acceleration process and the deceleration process. According to some embodiments that may be combined with other embodiments, the first apertures 52 may be arranged at least partially, or even totally, in the acceleration portion of the cylinder 51 which corresponds to the path traveled by the piston 26 during an acceleration process. Figure 4 shows a portion of a gas damper according to the invention in a cross-sectional profile view. As shown in FIG. 4, it is possible to provide, in addition, a valve 56 in the closed end of the cylinder 51. The valve 56 may comprise a valve plate 56a, one or more inlet rings 56b, a fixing ring 56c and a safety ring 56c. The inlet rings 56b define a passage zone, through which the gas can flow from the housing to the inside of the cylinder 51 or exit therefrom. The fixing ring 56c holds the valve 56 at the desired location in the cylinder 51. The safety ring 56d restricts a movement of the valve plate towards the inside of the cylinder 51. In a closed position of the valve 56, the tray valve 56a rests on the inlet rings 56b, so that they are closed by the valve plate 56a. In an open position, the valve plate 56a is inserted into the cylinder 51, so that a passage exchange. Depending on the gas may occur through the areas of some embodiments that may be combined with other embodiments, the valve 56 may be closed at the time of the break of the conductive link and may be opened upon establishment of the conductive connection. Therefore, during the displacement to establish the conductive connection, when the piston 26 is moved out of the cylinder 51, the gas can enter inside the cylinder 51 via the valve 56, while during the displacement to cut the link when the piston 26 is moved inwardly of the cylinder 51, the gas can escape from the cylinder 51 via the valve 56. Therefore, it can be made so that, advantageously , the gas damper 50 damps only the movement intended to cut the conductive connection and not the movement to establish the conductive connection.
    [0012] In exemplary embodiments, it is possible, as is also shown in FIG. 4, that the piston 26 is made in the form of a hollow piston 26, which is closed by a cap 28. It is thus possible to reduce the weight of the piston 26.
    [0013] In addition, in exemplary embodiments, the gas damper 50, in particular in the zone of the open end, can be connected to the transmission mechanism 40 via a transmission body 42. Preferably, the gas damper 50 may be attached to a transmission body 42 of the transmission mechanism 40. Figure 5A shows the closed position of the valve 56 in a larger scale view. As already mentioned, the valve 56 is closed in this position, so that the gas can neither enter the cylinder 51 nor leave the cylinder 51 via the valve 56. Typically, this position is chosen when the cutting of the conductive connection. The piston 26 is then moved towards the closed end, that is to say towards the valve 56, as is sketched by the arrow in FIG. 5A.
    [0014] The gas is compressed in the space between the end of the piston 26 which is housed in the cylinder 51 and the closed end of the cylinder 51. As it is sketched by arrows in broken lines, part of the gas can return in the cylinder 51 along the piston 26 and escape through the opening 52 to partially relax the generated in the cylinder. The amount of gas that is compressed outer surface of the outer surface of the piston depends on the pressure in the cylinder 51 and the difference between the diameter of the piston 26 and the diameter of the cylinder 51. of gas which is returned along the peripheral surface of the piston 26 and which contributes to the expansion of the pressure is even higher than the pressure is raised in the cylinder 51, in particular in the space between the end the piston 26 and the closed end of the cylinder 51, and that the diameter of the piston 26 is small relative to the diameter of the cylinder 51. The compressed gas in the intermediate space can also escape through the second opening 53 not shown in FIG. 5A, in order to contribute to the relaxation of the pressure. In this case, the second opening 53 can also be made in the form of an opening or openings in the valve plate 56a in the part of the passage zones or, similarly to the first opening 52, in the peripheral surface of the cylinder 51, preferably close to the closed end. Figure 5B shows the open position of the valve 56 in a cross-sectional profile view. As has already been mentioned, the valve 56 is open in this position, so that the gas can enter via the valve 56 into the cylinder 51 and / or can escape therefrom. Typically, this position is chosen during the establishment of the conductive connection, so that this movement is not damped. The piston 26 is thus displaced to move away from the closed end, and therefore from the valve 56, as is sketched by the arrow in FIG. 5B. In this case, the gas can flow into the cylinder via the valve 56 open, so that a vacuum, generated by the displacement of the piston 26 out of the cylinder 51, can be compensated in the cylinder 51 by the intermediate gas that enters consecutively. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a depression is formed in the cylinder 51, which would oppose the movement of the piston 26 and unintentionally dampen movement. In Figure 6 is shown another embodiment, wherein an end portion of the cylinder 51 is enlarged. Typically, the distance (path) traveled by the piston 26 at the time of breaking the conductive connection is relatively large and the diameter of the piston 26 is relatively small, so that it is difficult to obtain a positive effect. appropriate depreciation.
    [0015] Normally, the greatest damping effect is obtained at the end of the deceleration process, that is to say in an area in which the end of the piston 26 is located near the closed end of the cylinder 51. According to some embodiments that may be combined with other embodiments, the cylinder 51 may further include a slowing portion that corresponds to a portion of the distance traveled by the piston 26 during the deceleration process, and the retarding portion having an area 58 whose diameter D2 is greater than the diameter d1 of the cylinder 51 in an acceleration portion, which corresponds to part or all of the distance traveled by the piston 26 during the acceleration process . In particular, it is possible to provide in the zone 58 an additional cylinder 57 or a cylinder cover 57 which is closed with the cylinder 51 in a gas-tight manner, and which has an internal diameter d2 greater than the internal diameter d1 of the cylinder 51 In this case, the closed end of the cylinder 51 is formed substantially by the additional cylinder 57. Therefore, the second opening 53 and the valve 56 can be made (not shown) in the additional cylinder 57. As shown in FIG. 6, the piston 26 may have a diameter d3 smaller than the diameter d1 of the cylinder 51. In addition, the cap 28 of the piston 26 may have a diameter d4 greater than the diameter d3 of the piston 26 and less or less equal to the diameter d1 of the cylinder 51. For the diameters d1, d2, d3, d4, the following relations are therefore applied: d3 <d4-d1 <d2. With this choice of the relationship between the different diameters d1, d2, d3, d4, it can be ensured that, during the slowing down process, the piston 26 first pushes the gas in front of it and, on this occasion, the gas is compressed to obtain an increasing damping effect. When the end of the piston 26, that is to say the cap 28, reaches the zone 58, an intermediate space is formed between the cap 28 and the peripheral surface of the additional cylinder 57, whose annular width corresponds substantially to the difference d2 - d4. This intermediate space allows the compressed gas to circulate back and, on this occasion, flow into the intermediate space formed by the difference d1 - d3 between the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 51 and the outer peripheral surface of the piston 26. gas entering this intermediate space can then exit via the first openings 52 or the open end of the cylinder 51 to contribute to the relaxation of the pressure. By the choice of the diameters d1, d2, d3, d4, as well as the relationship between them and the position of the additional cylinder 57 along the path of the deceleration process, it is possible to set a desired pressure expansion for one or each desired part of the slowing process. In particular, it is possible to decrease the depreciation at the end of the slowdown portion. In the context of the present disclosure, the dielectric insulated gas is also an extinguishing agent for the electric arc. The dielectric insulating medium or gas in the high voltage switch may be SF6 gas or any other dielectric isolation medium or arc quench medium, regardless of whether it is present under gaseous and / or liquid form. Such a dielectric insulating medium or gas may comprise, for example, an organic fluorine compound which is selected from the group consisting of: fluoroether, oxirane, fluoroamine, fluoroketone, fluoroolefin and mixtures and / or products of dissociation of these substances. The terms "fluoroether", "oxirane", "fluoroamine", "fluoroketone" and "fluoroolefin" refer to at least partially fluorinated substances. In particular, the term "fluoroether" comprises a hydrofluoroether and a perfluoroether, the term "fluoroketone" comprises a hydrofluorocetone and a perfluoro ketone, the term "fluoroolefin" comprises a hydrofluoroolefin and a perfluoroolefin. Advantageously, fluoroether, oxirane, fluoroamine and fluoroketone are completely fluorinated, that is to say perfluorinated.
    [0016] In exemplary embodiments, the dielectric isolation medium is chosen from the group containing: one (or more) hydrofluoroether (s), one (or more) perfluorocetone (s), one (or more) hydrofluoroolefin (s) and mixtures of these substances.
    [0017] In particular, the term "fluoroketone" in connection with the present invention must be understood in the broad sense and must include both fluoromonoketone and fluorodicetone or fluoropolyketone in general. In this case, the molecule may expressly contain more than one carbonyl group laterally bounded by carbon atoms. The term should also include saturated and unsaturated compounds with double and / or triple bonds between carbon atoms. The at least partially fluorinated alkyl chain of the fluoroketone may be linear or branched and may also optionally form a ring. In exemplary embodiments, the dielectric isolation medium and the electric arc extinguishing medium may comprise, in the form of at least one compound, a fluoromonoketone which, optionally, also has atoms of one or more another origin in the main carbon chain of the molecule, that is, for example, at least one atom of another origin from the group consisting of: nitrogen atom, oxygen atom, sulfur atom, which replaces a corresponding number of carbon atoms. Advantageously, fluoromonoketone, in particular perfluorocetone, contains from 3 to 15 or from 4 to 12 and in particular from 5 to 9 carbon atoms. Preferably, the fluoromonoketone contains exactly 5 and / or exactly 6 and / or exactly 7 and / or exactly 8 carbon atoms. In exemplary embodiments, the dielectric isolation medium comprises in the form of at least one component, a fluoroolefin selected from the group consisting of: a hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) with at least 3 carbon atoms, a hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) with exactly 3 carbon atoms, trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene (HF0-1234ze), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene (HF0-1234yf), trans1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoroprop-1-ene (HF0-1225ye (E isomer)), cis-1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoroprop-1-ene (HF0-1225ye (isomer) Z)) and mixtures of these substances. The dielectric isolation medium may also comprise, in addition, a background gas or carrier gas, which is different from the organic fluorinated compound and which, in particular, contains neither fluoroether, nor oxirane, nor fluoroamine, nor fluoroketone, nor fluoroolefin. In exemplary embodiments, the carrier gas may be chosen from the group comprising: air, N 2, O 2, O 2, a rare gas, H 2; NO 2, NO, N 2 O; fluorocarbons and in particular perfluorocarbons, such as CF4; CF3I, SF6; and mixtures of these substances. According to the embodiments, the reliability, operational safety, and service life of a high-voltage switch can be increased. In addition, the formation of particles or abrasion particles can be decreased. It is also possible to increase the robustness of the transmission mechanism 40. The concept on which the embodiments are based can also be used with high-voltage switches with triple movement. In this case, the gas damper can be connected to a movable tube and dampen the forces generated during the deceleration process. Overall, a proper construction of the gas damper dissipates the kinetic energy.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A high-voltage switch, in particular a circuit breaker, comprising - a housing (10), which determines a gas volume for a dielectrically insulated gas; a first contact element (21; 23) and a second contact element (22; 24), between which, optionally, an electroconductive connection can be made, the first and the second contact element (21, 22; , 24) being movable along an axis (A) of the high-voltage switch; a drive system (30) which is connected to the first contact element (21; 23) for moving said first contact element (21; 23) in a first direction (R1) along the axis (A); in order to cut the conductive connection; a transmission mechanism (40) whose driving side is connected to the first contact element (21; 23) and the driven side is connected to the second contact element (22; 24) so as to transmit the movement of the first element of contact (21; 23) on the second contact element (22; 24) so that the second contact element (22; 24) is moved in a second direction (R2) opposite the first direction (R1) along the axis (A) to cut the conductive connection; and a gas damper (50) which is provided on the driven side of the transmission mechanism (40) to dampen the movement of the second contact member (22; 24).
    [0002]
    The circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein the electrically insulated gas is used in the gas damper (50) for damping.
    [0003]
    The circuit breaker according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second contact element (22; 24) performs an acceleration process and a deceleration process along a path for the motion to cut the electroconductive connection, and wherein the gas damper (50) is configured to dampen the deceleration process of the second contact member (22; 24).
    [0004]
    A circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gas damper (50) has a piston (26) which is connected to the second contact member (22; 24) and is movable together with the second and a cylinder (51) in which the piston (26) is guided.
    [0005]
    The circuit breaker of claim 4, wherein the cylinder (51) has first openings (52) which provide a connection between the remainder of the gas volume of the housing (10) and the interior of the cylinder (51).
    [0006]
    The circuit breaker according to claim 5, wherein the first apertures (52) are at least partially disposed in an acceleration portion of the cylinder (51), which corresponds to a distance traveled by the piston (26) during a process. 'acceleration.
    [0007]
    The circuit breaker of claim 5 or 6, wherein the first apertures (52) are configured such that they are disengaged during the acceleration process of the piston (26) and are masked by the piston (26) during a process of slowing the piston (26).
    [0008]
    The circuit breaker according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the cylinder (51) further comprises a slowing portion which corresponds to a distance traveled by the piston (26) during a deceleration process, and wherein the retarding portion has an area (58) having a diameter (d2) greater than the diameter (d1) of the cylinder (51) in the acceleration portion. 30
    [0009]
    9. A circuit breaker according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the gas damper (50) comprises a valve (56) which is closed at the time of cutting the electroconductive link and is open during the establishment of the electroconductive bond.
    [0010]
    A circuit breaker according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the dielectric insulated gas is present in the circuit breaker and comprises an organic fluorine compound which is selected from the group consisting of: fluoroether, oxirane, fluoroamine, fluoroketone a fluoroolefin; and mixtures and / or dissociation products of these substances; and, in particular, wherein the dielectrically insulated gas in the circuit breaker has a carrier gas together.
    [0011]
    11. A method for cutting a conductive connection of a high voltage switch, in particular a circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, the method comprising the following steps: displacement of a first contact element (21 23) in a first direction (R1) along an axis (A) of the high-voltage switch by means of a drive system (30) - transmitting the movement of the first contact element (21; 23), by means of a transmission mechanism (40), on a second contact element (22; 24) provided on the driven side of said transmission mechanism, such that the second contact element (22; 24) is moved in a second direction (R2), opposite to the first direction (R1); separating the first contact element (21; 23) from the second contact element (22; 24); and damping the movement of the second contact member (22; 24) by means of a gas damper (50) provided on the driven side of the transmission mechanism (40).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN104900446B|2017-10-13|
    CN104900446A|2015-09-09|
    DE102014102929A1|2015-09-10|
    FR3018388B1|2018-04-27|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP3421105A4|2016-02-26|2019-10-30|Sinochem Lantian Co., Ltd.|Composition comprising fluorine-containing ketone|DE916192C|1952-02-07|1954-08-05|Voigt & Haeffner Ag|Heavy-duty electrical switch|
    US3896282A|1973-05-25|1975-07-22|S & C Electric Co|High voltage circuit interrupting device|
    JPS5559613A|1978-10-30|1980-05-06|Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co|Gas breaker|
    DE19622460C2|1996-05-24|1998-04-02|Siemens Ag|High-voltage circuit breaker with two drivable switch contact pieces|
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    CN201584359U|2009-01-16|2010-09-15|北京维益埃电气有限公司|Gas buffer|
    EP2707891A1|2011-05-13|2014-03-19|ABB Technology AG|Double-motion gas insulated type circuit breaker|KR20180087745A|2017-01-25|2018-08-02|엘에스산전 주식회사|Gas-insulated switch gear using dual motion with multi rever|
    EP3385969B1|2017-04-07|2021-10-20|ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG|Gas-insulated circuit breaker and a method for breaking an electrical connection|
    法律状态:
    2016-03-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-03-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-10-27| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20171027 |
    2018-03-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-10-12| TP| Transmission of property|Owner name: ABB SCHWEIZ AG, CH Effective date: 20180912 |
    2020-03-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-03-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-05-21| CA| Change of address|Effective date: 20210415 |
    2021-08-06| TP| Transmission of property|Owner name: ABB POWER GRIDS SWITZERLAND AG, CH Effective date: 20210628 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014102929.1A|DE102014102929A1|2014-03-05|2014-03-05|Gas damper for a high voltage switch|
    DE102014102929.1|2014-03-05|
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